Lovastatin is a medication in the statin class used to lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of heart disease. It works by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme involved in cholesterol production in the liver. By decreasing LDL ("bad" cholesterol) and triglycerides while increasing HDL ("good" cholesterol"), lovastatin helps prevent atherosclerosis, which can lead to heart attacks and strokes. This medication is most effective when combined with a healthy diet and lifestyle changes.